A Study of Post Quantum Cryptographic Security Model Using Symmetric Key Algorithm
Keywords:
Post-Quantum Cryptography, Grover’s algorithm, AES-256, Quantum attacks.Abstract
The advancement in the field of technology and science has rendered the classical algorithms used for securing data vulnerable to attacks by quantum computers. Post quantum cryptography aims at establishing quantum safe algorithms so that data can be secured. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a symmetric key block cipher which provides security against known quantum attacks. The Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms are the quantum algorithms which have proved to break encryption provided by security mechanisms like RSA and even have the potential to break AES-128 in future. However, if key size of symmetric key security mechanisms is increased then security provided by them cannot be broken by both classical and quantum computers in near future. Quantum computers are becoming more and more prevalent, but there is still some concern about their security. In this paper, we will show that the current quantum computers in use cannot break AES-256 encryption with Grover’s algorithm. We have implemented AES-256 for encryption of files in our system and proposed a proof that the qubits used by quantum computers are not enough to break AES-256 with Grover’s algorithm. We believe that this provides strong evidence that current quantum computers are not a threat to encrypted data using AES-256. We hope this will ease concerns about using quantum computing for secure applications and encourage further development of these powerful machines.
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