Improved Fault Tolerance Energy Efficient Cluster Based Routing Through Second-Cluster Head
Keywords:
Aggregation, clustering, energy efficient, network lifetime and WSNAbstract
Technology advancements in wireless sensor network (WSN)have attracted much attention and offera wide range of industrial and domestic applications to acquire data from sensors deployed in homogeneous or heterogeneous networks. Sensor nodes are tiny, powered by batteries with limited bandwidth, energy and resources. WSNs are designed to operate in hostile environments without human intervention. Recharge and replacement of node batteries are difficult due to the harsh environment. Node energy is exhausted faster due to continuous sensing, which results in node death. Early node death leads to decrease network lifetime, which affects overall network performance. To tackle energy problem, authors designed hierarchical cluster based routing protocol that balances nodes energy consumption and improves network lifetime. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), awell-known clustering technique and variants of LEACH offers energy efficiency by utilizing threshold function to select cluster head (CH).However, LEACH has drawback wherein CH is randomly selected irrespective of energy levels. In this paper, we propose improved fault tolerance and energy efficient cluster based routing through second-cluster head selection (i-FTEECR) by identifying the shortcoming of existing LEACH. In i-FTEECR, second-CH selection is employed to provide fault tolerance for current CH in case of break down between successive rounds. Nodes with high residual energy and distance closer to BS gets chance of being selected as CH and node with next highest residual energy is chosen as second-CH.
Downloads
References
Kofi SarpongAdu-Manu, Felicia Engmann, Godwin Sarfo-Kantanka, GodwillEnchillBaiden, Bernice AkusikaDulemordzi, "WSN Protocols and Security Challenges for Environmental Monitoring Applications: A Survey", Journal of Sensors, vol. 2022, Article ID 1628537, 21 pages, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1628537. [CrossRef]
Bryan Raj, Ismail Ahmedy, Mohd Yamani IdnaIdris, Rafidah Md. Noor, "A Survey on Cluster Head Selection and Cluster Formation Methods in Wireless Sensor Networks", Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2022, Article ID 5322649, 53 pages, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5322649 [CrossRef]
B. Ahlawat and A. Sangwan, "Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for WSN in IOT: A Survey," 2022 International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data, Cloud and Parallel Computing (COM-IT-CON), Faridabad, India, 2022, pp. 380-385, doi: 10.1109/COM-IT-CON54601.2022.9850649. [CrossRef]
M. Almazaideh and J. Levendovszky, “Novel reliable and energy-efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor networks,” Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, vol. 9, no. 1, 2020. [CrossRef]
O. I. Khalaf and G. M. Abdulsahib, “Energy efficient routing and reliable data transmission protocol in WSN,” International Journal of Advances in Soft Computing and Its Applications, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 45–53, 2020.[CrossRef]
L. Chan, K. Gomez Chavez, H. Rudolph, and A. Hourani, “Hierarchical routing protocols for wireless sensor network: a compressive survey,” Wireless Networks, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 3291–3314, 2020
V. Pandiyaraju, R. Logambigai, S. Ganapathy, and A. Kannan, “An energy efficient routing algorithm for WSNs using intelligent fuzzy rules in precision agriculture,” Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 112, no. 1, pp. 243–259, 2020.[CrossRef]
Kathiroli, P.; Selvadurai, K. Energy efficient cluster head selection using improved Sparrow Search Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks. J. King Saud Univ. Inf. Sci. 2021, in press.[CrossRef]
Smys, S. Taxonomy Classification and Comparison of Routing Protocol Based on Energy Efficient Rate. J. ISMAC 2021, 3, 96–110[CrossRef]
Hung, L.-L.; Leu, F.-Y.; Tsai, K.-L.; Ko, C.-Y. Energy-efficient cooperative routing scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 56321–56332[CrossRef]
I. Daanoune , B. Abdennaceur , A. Ballouk , A comprehensive survey on LEACH-based clustering routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks, Ad Hoc Netw. 114 (2021) 102409[Crossref]
A. Hossan , P.K. Choudhury , DE-SEP: Distance and Energy Aware Stable Election Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network, IEEE Access (2022).[CrossRef]
W. Osamy , A.M. Khedr , A. Salim , A.I. Al Ali , A.A. El-Sawy , A review on recent studies utilizing artificial intelligence methods for solving routing challenges in wireless sensor networks, PeerJ. Comput. Sci. 8 (2022) e1089.[Crossref]
I. Daanoune, B. Abdennaceur, and A. Ballouk, “A comprehensive survey on LEACH-based clustering routing protocols in wireless sensor networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 114, article 102409, 2021[CrossRef]
Chan, L.; Chavez, K.G.; Rudolph, H.; Hourani, A. Hierarchical routing protocols for wireless sensor network: A compressivesurvey. Wirel.Netw. 2020, 26, 3291–3314.[CrossRef]
I. Daanoune, B. Abdennaceur, and A. Ballouk, “A comprehensive survey on LEACH-based clustering routing protocols in wireless sensor networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 114, article 102409, 2021.[CrossRef]
Shyjith, M.B.; Maheswaran, C.P.; Reshma, V.K. Optimized and Dynamic Selection of Cluster Head Using Energy Efficient RoutingProtocol in WSN. Wirel.PersCommun 2021, 116, 577–599.[CrossRef]
Maheshwari, P.; Sharma, A.K.; Verma, K. Energy efficient cluster based routing protocol for WSN using butterfly optimizationalgorithm and ant colony optimization. Ad Hoc Netw. 2020, 110, 102317.[CrossRef]
A. Rajab, "Fault tolerance techniques for multi-hop clustering in wireless sensor networks," Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, vol. 32, no.3, pp. 1743–1761, 2022.[CrossRef]
K. Belkadi and M. Lehsaini, "Energy-efficient fault-tolerant routing for wireless sensor networks," 2020 2nd International Workshop on Human-Centric Smart Environments for Health and Well-being (IHSH), Boumerdes, Algeria, 2021, pp. 131-136, doi: 10.1109/IHSH51661.2021.9378705.[CrossRef]
Choudhary, A.; Kumar, S.; Gupta, S.; Gong, M.; Mahanti, A. FEHCA: A Fault-Tolerant Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. Energies 2021, 14, 3935. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133935[CrossRef]
Gopalakrishnan Subburayalu, Hemanand Duraivelu, Arun Prasath Raveendran, Rajesh Arunachalam, Deepika Kongara & Chitra Thangavel (2023) Cluster Based Malicious Node Detection System for Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Using ANFIS Classifier, Journal of Applied Security Research, 18:3, 402-420, DOI: 10.1080/19361610.2021.2002118
P. Satyanarayana, T. Sushma, M. Arun, V. S. Raiu Talari, S. Gopalakrishnan and V. G. Krishnan, "Enhancement of Energy Efficiency and Network Lifetime Using Modified Cluster Based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks," 2023 International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Communication, IoT and Security (ICISCoIS), Coimbatore, India, 2023, pp. 127-132, doi: 10.1109/ICISCoIS56541.2023.10100580.
Mary Mathew, R. ., & Gunasundari, R. . (2023). An Oversampling Mechanism for Multimajority Datasets using SMOTE and Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimisation. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication, 11(2), 143–153. https://doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i2.6139
Rossi, G., Nowak, K., Nielsen, M., García, A., & Silva, J. Machine Learning-Based Risk Analysis in Engineering Project Management. Kuwait Journal of Machine Learning, 1(2). Retrieved from http://kuwaitjournals.com/index.php/kjml/article/view/114
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 G. Santhosh, K. V. Prasad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJISAE open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.
