A Novel Approach for Traffic Sign Detection: A CNN-Based Solution for Real-Time Accuracy
Keywords:
Traffic sign detection, Real-time conditions, CNN, Intelligent transportation systems, Autonomous vehiclesAbstract
The accurate detection of time-dependent traffic signs in real-time conditions is a critical component of intelligent transportation systems and autonomous vehicles. This paper presents a recommendation system to address this challenge by leveraging a specific Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm tailored for the dynamic nature of traffic sign recognition. Traditional traffic sign detection methods often struggle with variations in lighting, weather, and sign degradation over time, leading to decreased accuracy. Our proposed system overcomes these limitations through a multi-stage process that inputs real-time input from the user and environment and process specific algorithm accordingly. This enables our system to accurately recognize and classify traffic signs under varying lighting conditions, weather scenarios, and even when signs are partially obscured or damaged. We evaluate the performance of our approach using a comprehensive dataset collected from real-world traffic scenarios, demonstrating significant improvements in accuracy compared to existing methods. The results underscore the potential of our solution to enhance the safety and reliability of transportation systems by providing precise and robust traffic sign detection in dynamic, real-time conditions. This research contributes to the broader goal of developing more intelligent and efficient traffic management systems and autonomous vehicles.
Downloads
References
Xie, Y.; Liu, L.F.; Li, C.H.; Qu, Y.Y. Unifying visual saliency with HOG feature learning for traffic sign detection. In Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Xi’an, China, 3–5 June 2009.
Levinson, J.; Askeland, J.; Becker, J.; Dolson, J.; Held, D.; Kammel, S.; Kolter, J.Z.; Langer, D.; Pink, O.; Pratt, V.; et al. Towards fully autonomous driving: Systems and algorithms. In Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), Baden-Baden, Germany, 5–9 June 2011.
Ziegler, J.; Bender, P.; Schreiber, M.; Lategahn, H.; Strauss, T.; Stiller, C.; Dang, T.; Franke, U.; Appenrodt, N.; Keller, C.G.; et al. Making bertha drive—An autonomous journey on a historic route. IEEE Intell. Transp. Syst. Mag. 2014, 6, 8–20. [CrossRef]
Zhang, P.; Zhang, M.; Liu, J. Real-time HD map change detection for crowdsourcing update based on mid-to-high-end sensors. Sensors 2021, 21, 2477. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Kim, K.; Cho, S.; Chung, W. HD map update for autonomous driving with crowdsourced data. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 2021, 6, 1895–1901. [CrossRef]
Rajendran, S.P.; Shine, L.; Pradeep, R.; Vijayaraghavan, S. Real-time traffic sign recognition using YOLOv3 based detector. In Proceedings of the 2019 10th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), Kanpur, India, 6–8 July 2019.
Fazekas, Z.; Balázs, G.; Gyulai, C.; Potyondi, P.; Gáspár, P. Road-Type Detection Based on Traffic Sign and Lane Data. J. Adv. Transp. 2022, 2022, 6766455. [CrossRef]
Kortmann, F.; Fassmeyer, P.; Funk, B.; Drews, P. Watch out, pothole! featuring road damage detection in an end-to-end system for autonomous driving. Data Knowl. Eng. 2022, 142, 102091. [CrossRef]
Liu, W.; Ren, G.; Yu, R.; Guo, S.; Zhu, J.; Zhang, L. Image-adaptive YOLO for object detection in adverse weather conditions. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Palo Alto, CA, USA, 22 February–1 March 2022.
Ellahyani, A.; El Ansari, M.; El Jaafari, I. Traffic sign detection and recognition based on random forests. Appl. Soft Comput. 2016,46, 805–815. [CrossRef]
Bahlmann, C.; Zhu, Y.; Ramesh, V.; Pellkofer, M.; Koehler, T. A system for traffic sign detection, tracking, and recognition using color, shape, and motion information. In Proceedings of the IEEE Proceedings Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Las Vegas, NV, USA, 6–8 June 2005.
Tao, J.; Wang, H.; Zhang, X.; Li, X.; Yang, H. An object detection system based on YOLO in traffic scene. In Proceedings of the 2017 6th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT), Dalian, China, 21–22 October 2017.
Huang, R.; Pedoeem, J.; Chen, C. YOLO-LITE: A real-time object detection algorithm optimized for non-GPU computers. In Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Congerence on Big Data, Seattle, WA, USA, 10–13 December 2019.
Liu, C.; Tao, Y.; Liang, J.; Li, K.; Chen, Y. Object detection based on YOLO network. In Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE 4th Information Technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference (ITOEC), Chongqing, China, 14–16 December 2018.
Houben, S.; Stallkamp, J.; Salmen, J.; Schlipsing, M.; Igel, C. Detection of traffic signs in real-world images: The German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Dallas, TX, USA, 4–9 August 2013.
Stallkamp, J.; Schlipsing, M.; Salmen, J.; Igel, C. The German traffic sign recognition benchmark: A multi-class classification competition. In Proceedings of the 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, San Jose, CA, USA, 31 July–5 August 2011.
Shakhuro, V.I.; Konouchine, A.S. Russian traffic sign images dataset. Comput. Opt. 2016, 40, 294–300. [CrossRef]
Fazekas, Z.; Gerencsér, L.; Gáspár, P. Detecting Change between Urban Road Environments along a Route Based on Static Road Object Occurrences. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 3666. [CrossRef]
Yang, Y.; Luo, H.; Xu, H.; Wu, F. Towards real-time traffic sign detection and classification. IEEE trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 2016, 17, 2022–2031. [CrossRef]
Ellahyani, A.; El Ansari, M.; Lahmyed, R.; Trémeau, A. Traffic sign recognition method for intelligent vehicles. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 2018, 35, 1907–1914. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Dalal, N.; Triggs, B. Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’05), San Diego, CA, USA, 20–25 June 2005.
Zeng, Y.; Lan, J.; Ran, B.; Wang, Q.; Gao, J. Restoration of motion-blurred image based on border deformation detection: A traffic sign restoration model. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0120885. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Fleyeh, H. Color detection and segmentation for road and traffic signs. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems, Singapore, 1–3 December 2004; Volume 2, pp. 809–814.
Won, W.J.; Lee, M.; Son, J.W. Implementation of road traffic signs detection based on saliency map model. In Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 4–6 June 2008; pp. 542–547. Infrastructures 2023, 8, 20 19 of 19
Belaroussi, R.; Foucher, P.; Tarel, J.P.; Soheilian, B.; Charbonnier, P.; Paparoditis, N. Road sign detection in images: A case study. In Proceedings of the IEEE 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Istanbul, Turkey, 23–26 August 2010; pp. 484–488.
Wang, C. Research and application of traffic sign detection and recognition based on deep learning. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robots & Intelligent System (ICRIS), Changsha, China, 26–27 May 2018; pp. 150–152.
Chourasia, J.N.; Bajaj, P. Centroid based detection algorithm for hybrid traffic sign recognition system. In Proceedings of the IEEE 3rd International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, Goa, India, 19–21 November 2010; pp. 96–100.
Wang, G.; Ren, G.; Wu, Z.; Zhao, Y.; Jiang, L. A robust, coarse-to-fine traffic sign detection method. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Dallas, TX, USA, 4–9 August 2013.
Liang, M.; Yuan, M.; Hu, X.; Li, J.; Liu, H. Traffic sign detection by ROI extraction and histogram features-based recognition. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Dallas, TX, USA, 4–9 August 2013.
Wang, G.; Ren, G.; Wu, Z.; Zhao, Y.; Jiang, L. A hierarchical method for traffic sign classification with support vector machines. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Dallas, TX, USA, 4–9 August 2013.
Viola, P.; Jones, M. Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features. In Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR, Kauai, HI, USA, 8–14 December 2001.
Redmon, J.; Farhadi, A. Yolov3: An incremental improvement. arXiv 2018, arXiv:1804.02767.
Bochkovskiy, A.; Wang, C.Y.; Liao, H.Y.M. Yolov4: Optimal speed and accuracy of object detection. arXiv 2020, arXiv:2004.10934.
Ren, S.; He, K.; Girshick, R.; Sun, J. Faster r-cnn: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks. In Proceedings
of the 29th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Montreal, QC, Canada, 7–12 December 2015.
Redmon, J.; Divvala, S.; Girshick, R.; Farhadi, A. You only look once: Unified, real-time object detection. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 27–30 June 2016; pp. 779–788.
Lin, T.Y.; Maire, M.; Belongie, S.; Hays, J.; Perona, P.; Ramanan, D.; Dollar, P.; Zitnick, C.L. Microsoft coco: Common objects in
context. In European Conference on Computer Vision 2014; Fleet, D., Pajdla, T., Schiele, B., Tuytelaars, T., Eds.; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2014; pp. 740–755. sportation, Kosice, Slovakia, 24–26 September 2013
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJISAE open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.