An Intelligent Based DC Series Electric Springs in DC Micro Grids

Authors

  • P. Naga Lakshmi Research Scholar, Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
  • R. Ashok Kumar Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
  • K. Hari Krishna Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Kallam Haranadahreddy Institute of Technology, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Keywords:

Artificial Neural Network (ANN), DCSES, PI control, DC Micro grid, LMBP

Abstract

The integration of intermittent energy sources into DC grids gains far-flung interest among researchers. However, it introduces issues with power quality like voltage stability and ripples in large power systems using intermittent renewable energy resources (IRES). The research analysis aims to utilise the concept of DC series electric springs (DCSES) to minimise the power delivered by the main grid during a generation shortage of IRES. This investigation briefs the emerging DC-DC converter-based DCSES technology with an artificial neural network (ANN)-based intelligent controller for mitigating issues of voltage regulation, harmonic reduction, and improving the battery's lifetime by reducing the storage capacity. ANN generates pulses for the DC-DC converter using the Levenberg-Marquardt-based back propagation algorithm (LMBP) for network training. The simulation is carried out in Mat lab/Simulink. Performance parameters like voltage regulation, DC harmonics, and voltage ripple are analysed and compared with conventional PI controllers. The results prove that the LMBP-based intelligent controller for DCSES, with its fast and accurate convergence speed, yields better performance compared with conventional PI controllers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

V. K. Kanakesh, B. Sen, J. Soni and S. K. Panda, "Control strategies for Electric Spring in an islanded micro grid: A comparative evaluation," IEEE 3rd International Future Energy Electronics Conference and ECCE Asia (IFEEC 2017 - ECCE Asia), pp. 1714-1718, 2017.

G. Zhang et al., "Forming a Reliable Hybrid Micro grid Using Electric Spring Coupled With Non-Sensitive Loads and ESS," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 2867-2879, 2020.

Mohammadali Norouzi, Jamshid Aghaei, Sasan Pirouzi, Taher Niknam, Matti Lehtonen, “Flexible operation of grid-connected micro grid using ES”, pp. 254-264, 2019.

Murat Mustafa Savrun, "Z-source converter integrated dc electric spring for power quality improvement in DC micro grid, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, vol. 24, Issue. 6, pp. 1408-1414, 2021.

J. Chen, S. Yan, T. Yang, S. -C. Tan and S. Y. Hui, "Practical evaluation of droop and consensus control of distributed electric springs for both voltage and frequency regulation in Micro grid," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 6947-6959, 2019.

M. -H. Wang, S. -C. Tan, C. -K. Lee and S. Y. Hui, "A Configuration of Storage System for DC Micro grids," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 3722-3733, 2018.

Cherukuri, Sree hari charan and Saravanan, B. and Gopal, Arunkumar, “A rule-based approach for improvement of autonomous operation of hybrid micro grids”, Electrical Engineering, 2020.

Tapia-Tinoco, Guillermo, David Granados-Lieberman, David A. Rodriguez-Alejandro, Martin Valtierra-Rodriguez, and Arturo Garcia-Perez. "A robust electric spring model and modified backward forward solution method for micro grids with distributed generation", Mathematics, no. 8: 1326, 2020.

L. Liang, Y. Hou, D. J. Hill and S. Y. R. Hui, "Enhancing resilience of micro grids with electric springs”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 2235-2247, 2018.

Mohammadali Norouzi, Jamshid Aghaei, Sasan Pirouzi, Taher Niknam, Mahmud Fotuhi-Firuzabad, "Flexibility pricing of integrated unit of electric spring and EVs parking in micro grids", Energy, Vol. 239, 2022.

L. Liang, Y. Hou and D. J. Hill, "Enhancing flexibility of an islanded micro grid with electric springs”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 899-909, 2019.

K. R. Krishnanand, S. M. F. Hasani, J. Soni and S. K. Panda, "Neutral current mitigation using controlled electric springs connected to micro grids within built environment”, IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 2947-2951, 2014.

M. -H. Wang, T. -B. Yang, S. -C. Tan and S. Y. Hui, "Hybrid Electric Springs for Grid-Tied Power Control and Storage Reduction in AC Micro grids”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 3214-3225, 2019.

T. Yang, K. -T. Mok, S. -C. Tan, C. K. Lee and S. Y. Hui, "Electric springs with coordinated battery management for reducing voltage and frequency fluctuations in Micro grids”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1943-1952, 2018.

Cherukuri, Sree hari charan and Saravanan, B. Swarup, Shanti, “Analysis of dc electric springs in the micro grid system consisting of fluctuating energy sources”, Energy Procedia, no. 90, pp. 114-123, 2016.

S. P. Gawande, A. R. Nagpure, K. Dhawad and P. Chaturvedi, “Characteristics behavior of shunt DC electric spring for mitigating DC micro grid issues”, IEEE First International Conference on Smart Technologies for Power, Energy and Control (STPEC), pp. 1-6, 2020.

Y. Yang, S. -C. Tan and S. Y. R. Hui, "Mitigating distribution power loss of DC Micro grids With DC Electric Springs," in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 5897-5906, 2018.

A. Micallef, R. Ellul and J. Licari, "Electric spring-based smart water heater for low voltage Micro grids”, 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe), pp. P.1-P.5, 2020.

CAO Xiao-ping, HU Chang-hua, ZHENG Zhi-qiang, LV Ying-jie “Fault Prediction for Inertial Device Based on LMBP Neural Network”, Electronics Optics and Control, vol. 12 no. 6, pp. 38-41, 2005.

M. A. Ahmed, D. K. Ibrahim and M. Gilany, "Electric Spring Technology in Small Scale Residential Micro grid," 21st International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), pp. 392-398, 2019.

Kisi, Ozgur. “Multi-Layer Perceptions with Levenberg–Marquardt Training Algorithm for Suspended Sediment Concentration Prediction and Estimation”, Hydrological Sciences Journal-journal Des Sciences”, Hydrological Sciences Journal, no. 49:6, pp. 1025-1039, 2004.

Y. Yang, Y. Qin, S. -C. Tan and S. Y. R. Hui, "Reducing Distribution Power Loss of Islanded AC Micro grids Using Distributed Electric Springs With Predictive Control”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 67, no. 10, pp. 9001-9011, 2020.

T. Wu, X. Xu and L. Chen, “Frequency control in micro grids using electric springs”, China International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC), pp. 119-123, 2017.

Q. Wang, M. Cheng, Yunlei Jiang, Fujin Deng, Z. Chen and G. Buja, "Control of three-phase electric springs used in micro grids under ideal and non-ideal conditions”, IECON 2016 - 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Florence, pp. 2247-2252, 2016.

S. Y. Hui, C. K. Lee and F. F. Wu, "Electric Springs—A New Smart Grid Technology”, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1552-1561, 2012.

J. Soni and S. K. Panda, "Electric Spring for Voltage and Power Stability and Power Factor Correction”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 3871-3879, 2017.

Mardani, Mohammad Mehdi and Khooban, Mohammad and Masoudian, Ali and Dragicevic, Tomislav, “Model Predictive Control of DC-DC Converters to Mitigate the Effects of Pulsed Power Loads in Naval DC Micro grids”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018.

Jaffar, Hairol and Azli, Naziha, “Performance Analysis of an Active Power Filter Utilizing Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with Unified Constant-frequency Integration Control”, Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 15-22, 2015.

Zwalnan Selfa Johnson, Shanmugam Annandan Abdalla, Abakar Yousif, Chan Andy Tak-Yee, Su Yuehong "A Numerical Evaluation of the Effect of Building Thermal Load on the Overall Performance Characteristic of a Grid-Coupled PV/T Energy System", Journal of Advanced Research in Numerical Heat Transfer, Vol. 4, Issue. 1, pp.32-43, 2021.

Pikultong, P., Sahataya Thongsan, and Somchai Jiajitsawat, “The study of energy management scheme of hybrid energy storage system for responding high demand with long period”, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, pp. 146–156, 2022.

Sadeq, S., Mark Ovinis, and Saravanan Karuppanan, “Modeling and simulation of PMSG wind energy conversion system using active disturbance rejection control”, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 92(1), pp. 105–122, 2022.

N. F. Adnan, K. Q. Lee, H. S. Kang, K. Y. Wong, and H. Y. Tan, “Preliminary investigation on the energy harvesting of vortex-induced vibration with the use of magnet”, Progress in Energy and Environment, vol. 21, pp. 1–7, 2022.

Abdul Quawi, Y.MohamedShuaib1and, M. Manikandan, "Power quality improvement using ANN controller for hybrid power distribution systems", Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing, vol. 36, no.3, 2023.

Julanda Al Riyami, Girma Tadesse Chala, and Hashil Al Owaisi, “A Study on the Hydropower Energy Generation by Utilizing Domestic Water Supply”, Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, no. 31(1), pp. 237–253, 2023.

Venkata Anjani Kumar G, and M. Damodar Reddy, “Mitigation of Grid Current Harmonics by ABC- ANN based Shunt Active Power Filter”, Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, no. 33(1), pp. 285–298, 2023.

Garikapati, R., S. Ramesh Kumar, and N. Karthik, “ANFIS Controlled MMC-UPQC to Mitigate Power Quality Problems in Solar PV Integrated Power System”, Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, no. 36(1), pp. 102–130, 2023.

Downloads

Published

07.02.2024

How to Cite

Lakshmi, P. N. ., Kumar, R. A. ., & Krishna, K. H. . (2024). An Intelligent Based DC Series Electric Springs in DC Micro Grids. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering, 12(15s), 333 –. Retrieved from https://ijisae.org/index.php/IJISAE/article/view/4757

Issue

Section

Research Article