Review of Textile Antenna for WBAN: Challenges, Design and Multiple Application
Keywords:
Textile Antenna, Wearable Body Access Network (WBAN), WBAN ApplicationsAbstract
WBAN -Wearable Body access network has grown up to have cutting edge scope with rise and need of technology along with trending fashion. WBAN system and smart textile/wearables have applications in field of healthcare, sports ,security ,entertainment and communication systems of 5G.Design of textile antennas is becoming an important aspects of studies of antennas and communication system. This article reviews novel works related to design of wearable antennas and their application in different bandwidth like ISM Band, X/Ku Bands, C-Bands and Wi-Max. A vivid study of real-time feasibility and design challenges, application of wearable antennas in smart textiles, design methodologies and outcome parameters evaluation are done. Looking at the conditions that makes the antenna bio-compatible before coming in contact with human body and impact of wave polarization due to folding of antennas that bends with body curvature are some of the key factors to be considered while designing the substrate of antenna. Different types of antennas like Dipole, helictical , E-Shaped and array of antennas integrated were designed by researchers with scopes of application in different sectors and operating in different bandwidth which are evaluated and compared. Several methodologies of fabricating antennas are discussed and evaluated that includes choice of substrate material, designing using Surface integrated waveguides and 3D printing. Outcome based design parameters and choice of materials for radiator and substrate are evaluated considering their reliability, flexibility and efficiencies. Efficiencies of these novel textile antennas are studied, evaluated and compared considering criteria like loss, gain , weight , maintenance, installation cost and consistency in conditions like weather , wash cycles , temperature and proximity of users. Factors affecting performance of antenna including capacity of substrates like tolerability, flexibility, compactness, wave polarization and tangent loss while bending of textile are analyzed. The study of wave polarization and electromagnetic properties of textile antennas due to effects like wave scattering due to motion and environment are evaluated in this article. Dielectric characteristics of textile along with conductive nature of Radiative and substrate element of antennas are considered in subsequent studies. The article focuses on review of existing works in field of wearable antenna design considering applications and problem statements for WBAN applications.
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