Energy Efficient and Environment Friendly 5G Technology

Abstract

This paper analyse the impact of 5G technology on human health and environment. To enable sustainable 5G networks, new technologies have been proposed to improve the system energy efficiency and alternative energy sources are introduced to reduce our dependence on traditional fossil fuels. In particular, various 5G techniques target the reduction of the energy consumption without sacrificing the quality-of-service. Meanwhile, energy harvesting technologies, which enable communication transceivers to harvest energy from various renewable resources and ambient radio frequency signals for communication, have drawn significant interest from both academia and industry. To fulfil ever increasing demand of high speed internet, 5G wireless communication systems are expected to provide simultaneous broadband services to a large number of users at very high data rate on the order of hundreds of Mbps. Power consumption of current cellular mobile systems is rising day by day at alarming rate. This terrific scenario is ultimately responsible for environmental hazards and human health problems. There is indeed requirement of Green 5G Technology which satisfies both the needs, one is to develop highly advanced technology to serve the demand of society and the other is to minimize the power consumption to reduce electromagnetic radiation in surroundings. It is huge challenge for researchers to develop systems which consumes low power and also radiates low power signal into surroundings to minimize health hazards. The next-generation mobile network is being rolled out across the globe, with promises of super-fast internet going hand-in-hand with claims of massive benefits for the environment. Recently, Massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) techniques have been proposed to significantly improve the performance of wireless networks for upcoming 5G technology. Massive MIMO provide huge improvements in throughput as well as radiated energy efficiency is also high. Power saving features such as "sleep modes", whereby components are switched off when they are not being used, and more energy efficient antennae and other hardware are introduced in proposed Green 5G Technology. Some researches Moreover, the manufacturing and maintenance of the new technologies related to 5G technology generates electronic waste, also it consumes important resources that might degrade environmental health. In this paper, positive and negative impacts of massive MIMO technology on human health based on environmental radiations are discussed and future research scope on Green 5G technology is described.