An In-Depth Comparative Review of Blockchain Models for Enhancing Traceability in Real-Time Deployments

Authors

  • Hemlata Kosare, Amol Zade

Keywords:

Blockchain Models, Real-Time Deployments, Traceability, Comparative Analysis, Technological Innovation, Scenarios

Abstract

The necessity for a comprehensive comparative review of blockchain models, especially in the context of enhancing traceability in real-time deployments, is paramount in today's rapidly evolving digital landscape. This paper embarks on this essential exploration, addressing a notable gap in the existing literature: the lack of an in-depth, comparative analysis specifically tailored to real-time blockchain applications with a focus on traceability. Previous reviews in this domain have often been limited by their scope, either concentrating on a narrow aspect of blockchain technology or overlooking the critical component of traceability in real-world implementations for different scenarios. Our review process diverges from these limitations, employing a meticulous and multifaceted approach. We dissect various blockchain models, evaluating them not only for their architectural integrity and efficiency but also for their capacity to facilitate traceability in dynamic environments. This in-depth analysis is further enriched by a comparative methodology, where models are juxtaposed against each other, revealing their respective strengths and shortcomings in practical scenarios. One of the distinguishing advantages of this review lies in its holistic approach. By integrating insights from a diverse range of sources and perspectives, we provide a nuanced understanding of how different blockchain models can be optimized for traceability characteristics. This approach enables us to present a balanced view, acknowledging the complexities and trade-offs inherent in each of the models in different scenarios. The impacts of this review are multifaceted. Firstly, it is a critical source for experts and researchers in the field of blockchain technology, offering a comprehensive guide to selecting and implementing the most suitable models for their specific needs. Secondly, the insights garnered from this comparative analysis have the potential to spur innovation in blockchain development, particularly in enhancing traceability features for real-world applications. Lastly, by addressing the limitations of previous reviews and presenting a more rounded perspective, this paper contributes significantly to the academic discourse, setting a new benchmark for future research in this area for different scenarios.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

H. Wu, S. Jiang and J. Cao, "High-Efficiency Blockchain-Based Supply Chain Traceability," in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 3748-3758, April 2023, doi: 10.1109/TITS.2022.3205445.

P. Zhu, J. Hu, X. Li and Q. Zhu, "Using Blockchain Technology to Enhance the Traceability of Original Achievements," in IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, vol. 70, no. 5, pp. 1693-1707, May 2023, doi: 10.1109/TEM.2021.3066090.

Y. Zhang, Z. Ma, S. Luo and P. Duan, "Dynamic Trust-Based Redactable Blockchain Supporting Update and Traceability," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 19, pp. 821-834, 2024, doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2023.3326379.

P. Saranya and R. Maheswari, "Proof of Transaction (PoTx) Based Traceability System for an Agriculture Supply Chain," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 10623-10638, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3240772.

H. Wu, H. Li, X. Luo and S. Jiang, "Blockchain-Based Onsite Activity Management for Smart Construction Process Quality Traceability," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 24, pp. 21554-21565, 15 Dec.15, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3300076.

Y. Zhu et al., "tsrCert: Traceable Self-Randomization Certificate and Its Application to Blockchain Supervision," in Tsinghua Science and Technology, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1128-1147, December 2023, doi: 10.26599/TST.2023.9010053.

S. A. Gebreab, K. Salah, R. Jayaraman and J. Zemerly, "Trusted Traceability and Certification of Refurbished Medical Devices Using Dynamic Composable NFTs," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 30373-30389, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3261555.

J. Liu et al., "Conditional Anonymous Remote Healthcare Data Sharing Over Blockchain," in IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 2231-2242, May 2023, doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2022.3183397.

L. Cui, Z. Xiao, F. Chen, H. Dai and J. Li, "Protecting Vaccine Safety: An Improved, Blockchain-Based, Storage-Efficient Scheme," in IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 3588-3598, June 2023, doi: 10.1109/TCYB.2022.3163743.

J. Duan, L. Wang, W. Wang and L. Gu, "TRCT: A Traceable Anonymous Transaction Protocol for Blockchain," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 18, pp. 4391-4405, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2023.3296286.

A. M. R. AlSobeh and A. A. Magableh, "BlockASP: A Framework for AOP-Based Model Checking Blockchain System," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 115062-115075, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3325060.

Y. Wu, C. Zhang and L. Zhu, "Privacy-Preserving and Traceable Blockchain-Based Charging Payment Scheme for Electric Vehicles," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 24, pp. 21254-21265, 15 Dec.15, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3283415.

J. Lee and M. Lee, "A Blockchain System for TDMA-Based Tactical Wireless Networks With Constrained Resources," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 6857-6866, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3237828.

Z. Bao, D. He, M. K. Khan, M. Luo and Q. Xie, "PBidm: Privacy-Preserving Blockchain-Based Identity Management System for Industrial Internet of Things," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1524-1534, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TII.2022.3206798.

Z. Bao, D. He, H. Wang, M. Luo and C. Peng, "A Group Signature Scheme With Selective Linkability and Traceability for Blockchain-Based Data Sharing Systems in E-Health Services," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 23, pp. 21115-21128, 1 Dec.1, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3284968.

X. Xiao, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhu, P. Hu and X. Cao, "FingerChain: Copyrighted Multi-Owner Media Sharing by Introducing Asymmetric Fingerprinting Into Blockchain," in IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 2869-2885, Sept. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TNSM.2023.3237685.

L. Li, D. Jin, T. Zhang and N. Li, "A Secure, Reliable and Low-Cost Distributed Storage Scheme Based on Blockchain and IPFS for Firefighting IoT Data," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 97318-97330, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3311712.

M. Xu, Z. Zou, Y. Cheng, Q. Hu, D. Yu and X. Cheng, "SPDL: A Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Learning System," in IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 548-558, 1 Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TC.2022.3169436.

S. Basudan, "A Scalable Blockchain Framework for Secure Transactions in IoT-Based Dynamic Applications," in IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, vol. 4, pp. 1931-1945, 2023, doi: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2023.3307337.

M. Li, Y. Chen, C. Lal, M. Conti, M. Alazab and D. Hu, "Eunomia: Anonymous and Secure Vehicular Digital Forensics Based on Blockchain," in IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 225-241, 1 Jan.-Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TDSC.2021.3130583.

L. Petrosino, G. Pescetelli, Q. Fieramosca, S. D. Valle, M. Merone and L. Vollero, "dRAIN: A Distributed Reliable Architecture for IoT Networks," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1746-1760, 1 Jan.1, 2024, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3290822.

M. A. El-Zawawy, A. Brighente and M. Conti, "Authenticating Drone-Assisted Internet of Vehicles Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography and Blockchain," in IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1775-1789, June 2023, doi: 10.1109/TNSM.2022.3217320.

K. Gai, S. Wang, H. Zhao, Y. She, Z. Zhang and L. Zhu, "Blockchain-Based Multisignature Lock for UAC in Metaverse," in IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 2201-2213, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2022.3226717.

Q. Dong, J. Tang, S. Dang, G. Chen and J. A. Chambers, "Blockchain-Assisted Reputation Mechanism for Distributed Cloud Storage," in IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 6334-6345, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1109/JSYST.2023.3277194.

Q. Xie, Z. Ding, W. Tang, D. He and X. Tan, "Provable Secure and Lightweight Blockchain-Based V2I Handover Authentication and V2V Broadcast Protocol for VANETs," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 72, no. 12, pp. 15200-15212, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3289175.

A. Battah, K. Salah, R. Jayaraman, I. Yaqoob and A. Khalil, "Using Blockchain for Enabling Transparent, Traceable, and Trusted University Ranking Systems," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 23792-23807, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3253948.

Z. Guo, G. Wang, Y. Li, J. Ni, R. Du and M. Wang, "Accountable Attribute-Based Data-Sharing Scheme Based on Blockchain for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 7011-7026, 15 April15, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2022.3228550.

C. Lin, X. Huang and D. He, "EBCPA: Efficient Blockchain-Based Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication for VANETs," in IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1818-1832, 1 May-June 2023, doi: 10.1109/TDSC.2022.3164740.

X. Wang, S. Garg, H. Lin, G. Kaddoum, J. Hu and M. M. Hassan, "Heterogeneous Blockchain and AI-Driven Hierarchical Trust Evaluation for 5G-Enabled Intelligent Transportation Systems," in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 2074-2083, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TITS.2021.3129417.

Y. Fu, S. Wang, Q. Zhang and D. Zhang, "Game Model of Optimal Quality Experience Strategy for Internet of Vehicles Bandwidth Service Based on DAG Blockchain," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 72, no. 7, pp. 8898-8913, July 2023, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3246221.

K. Zhang, M. Deng, B. Gong, Y. Miao and J. Ning, "Privacy-Preserving Traceable Encrypted Traffic Inspection in Blockchain-Based Industrial IoT," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 3484-3496, 15 Jan.15, 2024, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3297601.

S. Xu, X. Huang, J. Yuan, Y. Li and R. H. Deng, "Accountable and Fine-Grained Controllable Rewriting in Blockchains," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 18, pp. 101-116, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2022.3217742.

B. Jiang, Q. He, P. Liu, S. Maharjan and Y. Zhang, "Blockchain Empowered Secure Video Sharing With Access Control for Vehicular Edge Computing," in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 9041-9054, Sept. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TITS.2023.3269058.

Y. He, R. Jiang, X. Ni, S. Xu, T. Chen and J. Feng, "Blockchain-Based Access and Timeliness Control for Administrative Punishment Market Supervision," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 11054-11067, 15 June15, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3264805.

Y. Xu, E. Yu, Y. Song, F. Tong, Q. Xiang and L. He, "$mathcal {R}$-Tracing: Consortium Blockchain-Based Vehicle Reputation Management for Resistance to Malicious Attacks and Selfish Behaviors," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 72, no. 6, pp. 7095-7110, June 2023, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2023.3238507.

M. Salimibeni, Z. Hajiakhondi-Meybodi, A. Mohammadi and Y. Wang, "TB-ICT: A Trustworthy Blockchain-Enabled System for Indoor Contact Tracing in Epidemic Control," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 5992-6017, 1 April1, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2022.3223329.

Z. Wu, J. Liu, J. Wu, Z. Zheng and T. Chen, "TRacer: Scalable Graph-Based Transaction Tracing for Account-Based Blockchain Trading Systems," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 18, pp. 2609-2621, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2023.3266162.

S. -C. Cha, C. -L. Chang, Y. Xiang, T. -J. Huang and K. -H. Yeh, "Enhancing OAuth With Blockchain Technologies for Data Portability," in IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 349-366, 1 Jan.-March 2023, doi: 10.1109/TCC.2021.3094846.

M. Li, W. Wang and J. Zhang, "LB-Chain: Load-Balanced and Low-Latency Blockchain Sharding via Account Migration," in IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 2797-2810, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TPDS.2023.3238343.

D. A. Luong and J. H. Park, "Privacy-Preserving Identity Management System on Blockchain Using Zk-SNARK," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 1840-1853, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233828.

K. Gai, S. Wang, H. Zhao, Y. She, Z. Zhang and L. Zhu, "Blockchain-Based Multisignature Lock for UAC in Metaverse," in IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 2201-2213, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2022.3226717.

P. Cao, G. Duan, J. Tu, Q. Jiang, X. Yang and C. Li, "Blockchain-Based Process Quality Data Sharing Platform for Aviation Suppliers," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 19007-19023, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3246984.

Y. Tian, B. Liu, Y. Li, P. Szalachowski and J. Zhou, "Accountable Fine-Grained Blockchain Rewriting in the Permissionless Setting," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 19, pp. 1756-1766, 2024, doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2023.3340917.

M. Li, Y. Chen, C. Lal, M. Conti, M. Alazab and D. Hu, "Eunomia: Anonymous and Secure Vehicular Digital Forensics Based on Blockchain," in IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 225-241, 1 Jan.-Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TDSC.2021.3130583.

J. Ordóñez, A. Alexopoulos, K. Koutras, A. Kalogeras, K. Stefanidis and V. Martos, "Blockchain in Agriculture: A PESTELS Analysis," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 73647-73679, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3295889.

S. Xu, X. Huang, J. Yuan, Y. Li and R. H. Deng, "Accountable and Fine-Grained Controllable Rewriting in Blockchains," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 18, pp. 101-116, 2023, doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2022.3217742.

H. Xie, J. Zheng, T. He, S. Wei, C. Shan and C. Hu, "B-UAVM: A Blockchain-Supported Secure Multi-UAV Task Management Scheme," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 24, pp. 21240-21253, 15 Dec.15, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3279923.

Q. Zhuohao, M. Firdaus, S. Noh and K. -H. Rhee, "A Blockchain-Based Auditable Semi-Asynchronous Federated Learning for Heterogeneous Clients," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 133394-133412, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3335603.

Z. Wu, T. Shang, M. Yue and L. Liu, "ADS-Bchain: A Blockchain-Based Trusted Service Scheme for Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast," in IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 8535-8549, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TAES.2023.3306336.

R. Shi et al., "Threshold Attribute-Based Credentials With Redactable Signature," in IEEE Transactions on Services Computing, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 3751-3765, Sept.-Oct. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TSC.2023.3280914.

Downloads

Published

06.08.2024

How to Cite

Hemlata Kosare. (2024). An In-Depth Comparative Review of Blockchain Models for Enhancing Traceability in Real-Time Deployments. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering, 12(23s), 258–277. Retrieved from https://ijisae.org/index.php/IJISAE/article/view/6733

Issue

Section

Research Article