Transparent Floating Solar Cells: Advancing Renewable Energy with Dual-Use Technology
Keywords:
emergence, significant, manufacturing, adaptability, materialsAbstract
The emergence of transparent solar cells in floating stations is an original concept. It can produce energy without requiring significant, substantial land, and it helps prevent evaporation, which results in the loss of between 50% and 70% of water. Their continuous cooling benefits, weight, and high absorption range favor their use. Transparent floating solar panels are also favored for their lowest cost. Many studies are focused on their potential dual-use applications, cost-effective manufacturing methods, and promising raw materials for this technology. This paper surveys suitable transparent solar cells that can be used in floating stations instead of silicon-based solar cells according to their features, adaptability, and efficiency, which can sometimes surpass conventional solar cells.
Downloads
References
K. G. Rao, C. Ashok, K. V. Rao, C. S. Chakra, and V. Rajendar, "Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using hibiscus flower extract," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies in Mechanical Sciences, 2014, pp. 79-82.
C. Ramanan, K. H. Lim, J. C. Kurnia, S. Roy, B. J. Bora, and B. J. Medhi, "Towards sustainable power generation: Recent advancements in floating photovoltaic technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 194, p. 114322, 2024.
Y. Zhao, Y. Zhu, H.-W. Cheng, R. Zheng, D. Meng, and Y. Yang, "A review on semitransparent solar cells for agricultural application," Materials Today Energy, vol. 22, p. 100852, 2021.
J. Barichello et al., "Stable semi-transparent dye-sensitized solar modules and panels for greenhouse application," Energies, vol. 14, no. 19, p. 6393, 2021.
Z. Li, T. Ma, H. Yang, L. Lu, and R. Wang, "Transparent and colored solar photovoltaics for building integration," Solar RRL, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 2000614, 2021.
L. M. Fraas and M. J. O'Neill, Low-cost solar electric power. Springer, 2014.
K. Ranabhat, L. Patrikeev, A. A. e. Revina, K. Andrianov, V. Lapshinsky, and E. Sofronova, "An introduction to solar cell technology," Journal of Applied Engineering Science, vol. 14, no. 4, 2016.
S. R. Weliwaththage and U. Arachchige, "Solar energy technology," Journal of Research Technology and Engineering, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 67-75, 2020.
A. Fahrenbruch and R. Bube, Fundamentals of solar cells: photovoltaic solar energy conversion. Elsevier, 2012.
V. Khare, P. Chaturvedi, and M. Mishra, "Solar energy system concept change from trending technology: A comprehensive review," e-Prime-Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy, vol. 4, p. 100183, 2023.
Y. Ueda, T. Sakurai, S. Tatebe, A. Itoh, and K. Kurokawa, "Performance analysis of PV systems on the water," in Proceedings of the 23rd European photovoltaic solar energy conference, Valencia, Spain, 2008, pp. 2670-2673.
L. Liu, Q. Wang, H. Lin, H. Li, and Q. Sun, "Power generation efficiency and prospects of floating photovoltaic systems," Energy Procedia, vol. 105, pp. 1136-1142, 2017.
Y. K. Choi, W. S. Choi, and J. H. Lee, "Empirical research on the efficiency of floating PV systems," Science of advanced materials, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 681-685, 2016.
V. Vidović, G. Krajačić, N. Matak, G. Stunjek, and M. Mimica, "Review of the potentials for implementation of floating solar panels on lakes and water reservoirs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 178, p. 113237, 2023.
G. Huang, Y. Tang, X. Chen, M. Chen, and Y. Jiang, "A comprehensive review of floating solar plants and potentials for offshore applications," Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 11, no. 11, p. 2064, 2023.
Y.-K. Choi, N.-H. Lee, A.-K. Lee, and K.-J. Kim, "A study on major design elements of tracking-type floating photovoltaic systems," International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 70-74, 2014.
K. Trapani and M. Redón Santafé, "A review of floating photovoltaic installations: 2007–2013," Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 524-532, 2015.
C. Sun, Y. Zou, C. Qin, B. Zhang, and X. Wu, "Temperature effect of photovoltaic cells: a review," Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 2675-2699, 2022.
M. A. E. Galdino and M. M. de Almeida Olivieri, "Some remarks about the deployment of floating PV systems in Brazil," J. Electr. Eng, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 10-19, 2017.
K. Kumar, S. Sharma, L. Jain, and R. Al Khaimah, "Standalone photovoltaic (PV) module outdoor testing facility for UAE climate," Submitted to CSEM-UAE Innovation Centre LLC, 2007.
R. Singh, V. K. Yadav, and M. Singh, "An improved hot spot mitigation approach for photovoltaic modules under mismatch conditions," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 71, no. 5, pp. 4840-4850, 2023.
Z. Peng, M. R. Herfatmanesh, and Y. Liu, "Cooled solar PV panels for output energy efficiency optimisation," Energy conversion and management, vol. 150, pp. 949-955, 2017.
E. N. Güler, A. Distler, R. Basu, C. J. Brabec, and H.-J. Egelhaaf, "Fully solution-processed, light-weight, and ultraflexible organic solar cells," Flexible and Printed Electronics, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 025003, 2022.
R. Walters et al., "Multijunction organic photovoltaic cells for underwater solar power," in 2015 IEEE 42nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), 2015: IEEE, pp. 1-3.
J. Wang and H. Zhang, "Material innovations and scalable manufacturing for nextgeneration advanced organic photovoltaics, Highlights Sci," Eng. Technol, vol. 96, pp. 245-250, 2024.
R. Datt, H. K. H. Lee, G. Zhang, H. L. Yip, and W. C. Tsoi, "Organic solar cells at stratospheric condition for high altitude platform station application," Chinese Journal of Chemistry, vol. 40, no. 24, pp. 2927-2932, 2022.
Z. Wu, H. Yin, G. Li, and Z. Ji, "Recent progress in semitransparent organic solar cells," Organic Electronics, p. 107060, 2024.
B. K. Korir, J. K. Kibet, and S. M. Ngari, "A review on the current status of dye‐sensitized solar cells: Toward sustainable energy," Energy Science & Engineering, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 3188-3226, 2024.
Q. Li, S. Zheng, Y. Xu, H. Xue, and H. Pang, "Ruthenium based materials as electrode materials for supercapacitors," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 333, pp. 505-518, 2018.
M. Magni, "COPPER AND RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES IN SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS AND OPTOELECTRONICS," 2015.
S. Shalini, R. Balasundaraprabhu, T. S. Kumar, N. Prabavathy, S. Senthilarasu, and S. Prasanna, "Status and outlook of sensitizers/dyes used in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC): a review," International journal of energy research, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 1303-1320, 2016.
G. Richhariya, A. Kumar, P. Tekasakul, and B. Gupta, "Natural dyes for dye sensitized solar cell: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 69, pp. 705-718, 2017.
R. K. Kanaparthi, J. Kandhadi, and L. Giribabu, "Metal-free organic dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells: recent advances," Tetrahedron, vol. 68, no. 40, pp. 8383-8393, 2012.
https://www.gamry.com/application-notes/physechem/dssc-dye-sensitized-solar-cells/ (accessed.
A. A. Husain, W. Z. W. Hasan, S. Shafie, M. N. Hamidon, and S. S. Pandey, "A review of transparent solar photovoltaic technologies," Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 94, pp. 779-791, 2018.
J. M. Ji, H. Zhou, Y. K. Eom, C. H. Kim, and H. K. Kim, "14.2% efficiency dye‐sensitized solar cells by co‐sensitizing novel thieno [3, 2‐b] indole‐based organic dyes with a promising porphyrin sensitizer," Advanced Energy Materials, vol. 10, no. 15, p. 2000124, 2020.
F. Bella, A. Lamberti, S. Bianco, E. Tresso, C. Gerbaldi, and C. F. Pirri, "Floating, flexible polymeric dye‐sensitized solar‐cell architecture: the way of near‐future photovoltaics," Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 1, no. 2, 2016.
P. K. Enaganti et al., "Dye‐sensitized solar cells as promising candidates for underwater photovoltaic applications," Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 632-639, 2022.
F. Bella, C. Gerbaldi, C. Barolo, and M. Grätzel, "Aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells," Chemical Society Reviews, vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 3431-3473, 2015.
C. Law et al., "Water-based electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells," Adv. Mater, vol. 22, no. 40, pp. 4505-4509, 2010.
B. Osman, T. Abdolkader, and I. S. Ahmed, "A review of perovskite solar cells," International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 48-66, 2021.
T. Pullerits, V. Sundström, R. Croce, R. van Grondelle, H. van Amerongen, and I. van Stokkum, "Light to useful charge in nanostructured organic and hybrid solar cells," in Light Harvesting in Photosynthesis: CRC Press, 2018, pp. 511-538.
C. Barolo, M. Bonomo, and N. Mariotti, "Chapter Emerging Photovoltaic Technologies and Eco-Design—Criticisms and Potential Improvements," 2020.
C. Eames, J. M. Frost, P. R. Barnes, B. C. O’regan, A. Walsh, and M. S. Islam, "Ionic transport in hybrid lead iodide perovskite solar cells," Nature communications, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 7497, 2015.
K. Manseki, L. Splingaire, U. Schnupf, T. Sugiura, and S. Vafaei, "Current Advances in the Preparation of SnO2 Electron Transport Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells," ASTFE Digital Library, 2020.
F. M. Rombach, S. A. Haque, and T. J. Macdonald, "Lessons learned from spiro-OMeTAD and PTAA in perovskite solar cells," Energy & Environmental Science, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 5161-5190, 2021.
S.-H. Lim et al., "Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells with bidirectional transparent electrodes," Nano Energy, vol. 82, p. 105703, 2021.
V. Andrei et al., "Floating perovskite-BiVO4 devices for scalable solar fuel production," Nature, vol. 608, no. 7923, pp. 518-522, 2022.
S. Rabhi et al., "Experimental findings and SCAPS-1D simulations for high-efficiency MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells beyond 31%," Optical and Quantum Electronics, vol. 56, no. 8, p. 1372, 2024.
S. Yoon et al., "Semi‐transparent metal electrode‐free all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells using floating‐catalyst‐synthesized carbon nanotubes," EcoMat, vol. 6, no. 3, p. e12440, 2024.
M. Noman, A. Ullah, S. T. Jan, and A. D. Khan, "Investigating the Balance between Power Conversion Efficiency and Average Visible Transmittance for Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells," Energy Technology, p. 2401452, 2024.
M. F. B. M. Fuad, N. Rammely, and M. Z. Pakhuruddin, "Simulation of perovskite solar cell with transparent contacts for solar windows," Physica Scripta, vol. 99, no. 8, p. 085562, 2024.
D. Di Girolamo et al., "Breaking 1.7 V open circuit voltage in large area transparent perovskite solar cells using interfaces passivation," Advanced Energy Materials, vol. 14, no. 30, p. 2400663, 2024.
T. M. Koh, H. Wang, Y. F. Ng, A. Bruno, S. Mhaisalkar, and N. Mathews, "Halide perovskite solar cells for building integrated photovoltaics: Transforming building façades into power generators," Advanced Materials, vol. 34, no. 25, p. 2104661, 2022.
H. J. Alathlawi, S. Rabhi, T. Hidouri, H. Adawi, F. A. Makin, and A. A. Alsam, "Role of Ag Nanowires: MXenes in Optimizing Flexible, Semitransparent Bifacial Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells for Building‐Integrated Photovoltaics: A SCAPS‐1D Modeling Approach," Advanced Theory and Simulations, p. 2401004, 2024.
N. K. Pendyala, S. Magdassi, and L. Etgar, "Fabrication of perovskite solar cells with digital control of transparency by inkjet printing," ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, vol. 13, no. 26, pp. 30524-30532, 2021.
L. Gao et al., "Light engineering for bifacial transparent perovskite solar cells with high performance," Optical Engineering, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 117107-117107, 2017.
T. Son, S. Suk, B. Kim, and J. Seo, "Integrated Devices Combining Perovskite Solar Cells and Energy Storage Devices," Journal of Flexible and Printed Electronics, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 145-159, 2023.
F. Jafarzadeh et al., "Flexible, transparent, and bifacial perovskite solar cells and modules using the wide-band gap FAPbBr3 perovskite absorber," ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, vol. 16, no. 14, pp. 17607-17616, 2024.
J. Bi et al., "Highly Integrated Perovskite Solar Cells‐Based Photorechargeable System with Excellent Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Ability," Energy & Environmental Materials, vol. 7, no. 5, p. e12728, 2024.
S. Pescetelli et al., "Integration of two-dimensional materials-based perovskite solar panels into a stand-alone solar farm," Nature Energy, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 597-607, 2022.
H. J. Kim, G. S. Han, and H. S. Jung, "Managing the lifecycle of perovskite solar cells: Addressing stability and environmental concerns from utilization to end-of-life," EScience, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 100243, 2024.
M. Cho et al., "Ultra-thin thermally grown silicon dioxide nanomembrane for waterproof perovskite solar cells," Journal of Power Sources, vol. 563, p. 232810, 2023.
S. Ma, G. Yuan, Y. Zhang, N. Yang, Y. Li, and Q. Chen, "Development of encapsulation strategies towards the commercialization of perovskite solar cells," Energy & Environmental Science, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 13-55, 2022.
Y. Lv et al., "Challenge and strategy to address the stability of perovskite solar cells for commercialization," Energy Lab, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 230005-1-230005-41, 2024.
L. Gao, L. Chen, S. Huang, N. Chen, and G. Yang, "Flexible and highly durable perovskite solar cells with a sandwiched device structure," ACS applied materials & interfaces, vol. 11, no. 19, pp. 17475-17481, 2019.
N. Han et al., "Simple Encapsulation Method for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Transparent Electrode‐Integrated Barrier Films," Solar RRL, vol. 8, no. 14, p. 2400243, 2024.
R. Wen et al., "Boosted efficiency of conductive metal oxide-free pervoskite solar cells using poly (3-(4-methylamincarboxylbutyl) thiophene) buffer layers," Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 53, no. 28, p. 284001, 2020.
H. Lin, R. Miao, H. Wang, H. Lai, W. Wang, and W. Song, "Sandwiched Structure Design for Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Folding and Environmental Stability," Solar RRL, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 2200814, 2023.
P. Wu, S. Wang, X. Li, and F. Zhang, "Beyond efficiency fever: preventing lead leakage for perovskite solar cells," Matter, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1137-1161, 2022.
S. Valastro et al., "Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells with a sustainable titanium dioxide sponge," Nature Sustainability, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 974-983, 2023.
H. Chen et al., "Lead sequestration in perovskite photovoltaic device encapsulated with water-proof and adhesive poly (ionic liquid)," ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 13637-13643, 2023.
C. H. Chen, S. N. Cheng, L. Cheng, Z. K. Wang, and L. S. Liao, "Toxicity, leakage, and recycling of lead in perovskite photovoltaics," Advanced energy materials, vol. 13, no. 14, p. 2204144, 2023.
D. Singh, D. Pandey, R. Yadav, and D. Singh, "A study of nanosized zinc oxide and its nanofluid," Pramana, vol. 78, pp. 759-766, 2012.
S. Arya et al., "Electrochemical detection of ammonia solution using tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized via sol–gel route," Applied Physics A, vol. 124, pp. 1-7, 2018.
S. Wijayanti, N. Nursam, S. Soepriyanto, and D. Suhendar, "Fabrication of DSSC photoanode based on TiO2 produced by caustic fusion of local ilmenite," in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2022, vol. 1031, no. 1: IOP Publishing, p. 012030.
Y. Akila, N. Muthukumarasamy, and D. Velauthapillai, "TiO2-based dye-sensitized solar cells," in Nanomaterials for Solar Cell Applications: Elsevier, 2019, pp. 127-144.
A. Agrawal, S. A. Siddiqui, A. Soni, G. Sharma, and D. R. Shrivastava, "ZnO nanoparticles based dye sensitized solar cell: Fabrication and characterization," in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2020, vol. 2294, no. 1: AIP Publishing.
A. Rais and Y. Warti, "Analysis of DSSC (dye sensitized solar cell) and characterization of ZnO-TiO2 semiconductor using method sol-gel as a material solar cell," in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2022, vol. 2193, no. 1: IOP Publishing, p. 012093.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJISAE open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.
