Security Enhancements in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) Through Blockchain-Based Authentication
Keywords:
VANET, Blockchain, Authentication, Sybil Attacks, Privacy, NS-3 SimulationAbstract
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are critical to the development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), enabling real-time vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. However, VANETs face severe security challenges, including sybil attacks, identity spoofing, and privacy breaches. Traditional centralized authentication methods are prone to bottlenecks, single points of failure, and scalability issues. This paper proposes a blockchain-based authentication framework that leverages decentralized ledger technologies to enhance VANET security. The framework enables secure, tamper-proof identity management for vehicles while preserving user privacy. Empirical analysis using NS-3 simulations evaluates scalability, communication overhead, and resilience against sybil attacks. Results show that the blockchain-enhanced VANET improves authentication reliability by 32% and reduces sybil attack success rates by 78% compared to conventional public key infrastructure (PKI)-based methods, while maintaining acceptable latency and scalability.
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