Multi-Layer SOMs for Robust Handling of Tree-Structured Data
Keywords:
Multi-Layer SOMs, Tree-Structured Data, Hierarchical Data Processing, Feature Extraction, Document Retrieval, Plagiarism Detection, Deep Learning Integration, Scalability, Interpretability, Data ClusteringAbstract
Processing and analyzing complex data structures is crucial in various fields, including bioinformatics, social network analysis, and artificial intelligence. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) have proven effective in clustering and pattern recognition tasks. However, traditional single-layer SOMs often struggle with complex hierarchical data, such as tree-structured data. To address this, multi-layer SOMs have been developed, offering enhanced capabilities for processing and understanding intricate data structures. These multi-layer SOMs extend the conventional SOM framework by introducing additional abstraction layers, allowing for a more detailed and nuanced analysis of hierarchical data. This unique feature facilitates improved representation and processing of complex data, addressing the challenges inherent in tree-structured data. We explore the advancements in these versatile multi-layer SOMs and their application in optimizing the handling of tree-structured data. Our analysis begins with an overview of traditional SOMs, highlighting their principles and limitations. It then introduces multi-layer SOMs, explaining their architecture and their unique benefits in handling hierarchical data. Case studies and practical examples illustrate how multi-layer SOMs enhance data processing efficiency and accuracy compared to single-layer models. Additionally, we compare multi-layer SOMs with other data processing techniques, demonstrating their unique advantages in terms of scalability and adaptability. We also discuss future directions for research and potential advancements in multi-layer SOMs, emphasizing the ongoing need for innovation in this area.
Downloads
References
Cottrell, Marie, et al. "Self-organizing maps, theory and applications." Revista de Investigacion Operacional 39.1 (2018): 1-22.
Yang, Rui, Panos Kalnis, and Anthony KH Tung. "Similarity evaluation on tree-structured data." Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data. 2005.
Flexer, Arthur. "Limitations of self-organizing maps for vector quantization and multidimensional scaling." Advances in neural information processing systems 9 (1996).
Mozafari, Barzan, et al. "High-performance complex event processing over hierarchical data." ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) 38.4 (2013): 1-39.
Kohonen, Teuvo. "The self-organizing map." Proceedings of the IEEE 78.9 (1990): 1464-1480.
Bernard, Yann, Nicolas Hueber, and Bernard Girau. "A fast algorithm to find best matching units in self-organizing maps." Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning–ICANN 2020: 29th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Bratislava, Slovakia, September 15–18, 2020, Proceedings, Part II 29. Springer International Publishing, 2020.
Ghaseminezhad, M. H., and Ali Karami. "A novel self-organizing map (SOM) neural network for discrete groups of data clustering." Applied soft computing 11.4 (2011): 3771-3778.
Valverde Castilla, Gabriel Antonio, José Manuel Mira McWilliams, and Beatriz González-Pérez. "One-Layer vs. Two-Layer SOM in the Context of Outlier Identification: A Simulation Study." Applied Sciences 11.14 (2021): 6241.
Fontenla-Romero, Oscar, et al. "Local modeling using self-organizing maps and single layer neural networks." Artificial Neural Networks—ICANN 2002: International Conference Madrid, Spain, August 28–30, 2002 Proceedings 12. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002.
Kayacik, H. Gunes, A. Nur Zincir-Heywood, and Malcolm I. Heywood. "A hierarchical SOM-based intrusion detection system." Engineering applications of artificial intelligence 20.4 (2007): 439-451.
Yin, Hujun. "The self-organizing maps: background, theories, extensions and applications." Computational intelligence: A compendium. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. 715-762.
Zhao, Zhenjie, Xuebo Zhang, and Yongchun Fang. "Stacked multilayer self-organizing map for background modeling." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 24.9 (2015): 2841-2850.
Neumann, Petra, Stefan Schlechtweg, and Sheelagh Carpendale. "ArcTrees: visualizing relations in hierarchical data." EuroVis. 2005.
Suganthan, P. N. "Structure adaptive multilayer overlapped soms with supervision for handprinted digit classification." 1998 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (Cat. No. 98CH36227). Vol. 3. IEEE, 1998.
Rahman, M. K. M., et al. "A flexible multi-layer self-organizing map for generic processing of tree-structured data." Pattern Recognition 40.5 (2007): 1406-1424.
Chow, Tommy WS, and M. K. M. Rahman. "Multilayer SOM with tree-structured data for efficient document retrieval and plagiarism detection." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 20.9 (2009): 1385-1402.
Ayyalasomayajula, Madan Mohan Tito, et al. "Proactive Scaling Strategies for Cost-Efficient Hyperparameter Optimization in Cloud-Based Machine Learning Models: A Comprehensive Review." ESP Journal of Engineering & Technology Advancements (ESP JETA) 1.2 (2021): 42-56.
Ayyalasomayajula, M., & Chintala, S. (2020). Fast Parallelizable Cassava Plant Disease Detection using Ensemble Learning with Fine Tuned AmoebaNet and ResNeXt-101. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 11(3), 3013–3023.
Ayyalasomayajula, Madan Mohan Tito, Srikrishna Ayyalasomayajula, and Sailaja Ayyalasomayajula. "Efficient Dental X-Ray Bone Loss Classification: Ensemble Learning With Fine-Tuned VIT-G/14 And Coatnet-7 For Detecting Localized Vs. Generalized Depleted Alveolar Bone." Educational Administration: Theory and Practice 28.02 (2022).
Ayyalasomayajula, M. M. T., Chintala, S., & Sailaja, A. (2019). A Cost-Effective Analysis of Machine Learning Workloads in Public Clouds: Is AutoML Always Worth Using? International Journal of Computer Science Trends and Technology (IJCST), 7(5), 107–115.
Chintala, S. ., & Ayyalasomayajula, M. M. T. . (2019). OPTIMIZING PREDICTIVE ACCURACY WITH GRADIENT BOOSTED TREES IN FINANCIAL FORECASTING. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 10(3), 1710–1721. https://doi.org/10.61841/turcomat.v10i3.14707
Ayyalasomayajula, Madan Mohan Tito, and Sailaja Ayyalasomayajula. "Improving Machine Reliability with Recurrent Neural Networks." International Journal for Research Publication and Seminar. Vol. 11. No. 4. 2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Madan Mohan Tito Ayyalasomayajula, Sathishkumar Chintala, Sandeep Reddy Narani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJISAE open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.