Stormwater Resilient Road Design: Engineering Solutions for Urban Flood Prevention
Keywords:
bioswale, hybrid infrastructure, permeable pavement, resilient road design, Stormwater management, urban flooding.Abstract
Urban flooding poses significant challenges to road infrastructure, exacerbated by increasing rainfall intensity and outdated drainage systems. This study evaluates stormwater resilient road designs—permeable pavements, bioswales, hybrid systems (permeable pavement with subsurface detention), and a traditional asphalt control—for flood prevention on SE Division Street in Portland, Oregon. Using a mixed-methods approach, including SWMM hydrological modeling, field measurements, and stakeholder interviews, the research assessed runoff reduction, infiltration, structural durability, water quality, and cost-effectiveness. Results showed hybrid systems achieved the highest runoff reduction (45–55%), prevented flooding in 10- and 25-year storms, and offered the best cost-effectiveness ($10,000/m³ runoff reduced). Permeable pavements reduced runoff by 34–42%, bioswales by 28–35%, while the control produced 82–175 m³ runoff with 10–30 cm flooding. ANOVA confirmed significant differences (F = 78.32, p < 0.001). Infiltration rates (150–200 mm/hr) were maintained with regular maintenance, and resilient designs met structural standards (30–31 MPa). Bioswales excelled in water quality, removing 52–70% of pollutants. Stakeholder insights identified financial, technical, policy, and awareness barriers, with solutions including stormwater fees and training. Findings inform design guidelines prioritizing hybrid systems with bi-annual maintenance and funding via WIFIA grants. The Portland case study offers a scalable model for U.S. cities, though long-term and multi-climate studies are needed. This research advances sustainable urban infrastructure, reducing flood risks and enhancing resilience.
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