EdDSA-Enhanced RPL Security Framework for IoT with Lightweight Attack Mitigation and Protocol Validation
Keywords:
EdDSA, RPL Security, IoT, Lightweight Cryptography, Attack Mitigation, Protocol Validation.Abstract
The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) demands robust and lightweight security solutions to protect communication within resource-constrained networks. The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), widely adopted in IoT, is vulnerable to a range of attacks, including spoofing, replay, and selective forwarding. To address these challenges, this paper introduces an EdDSA-Enhanced RPL Security Framework designed to ensure secure communication with minimal computational and communication overhead. The proposed framework leverages the EdDSA cryptographic scheme for node authentication, secure session key generation using ECDH, and signature-based integrity verification. It incorporates mechanisms for replay attack detection, spoofing prevention via nonce freshness, and reputation-based forwarding validation to mitigate selective forwarding attacks. The methodology is structured in six key stages: cryptographic initialization, node registration, session key establishment, secure routing, spoofing mitigation, and formal validation. Simulations were conducted using Contiki-NG and the Cooja emulator to evaluate protocol performance in realistic IoT scenarios. Additionally, security validation was performed using AVISPA with OFMC and CL-AtSe backends, which confirmed the protocol's resistance to various threats. Experimental results demonstrate a significant improvement over existing protocols in terms of execution time, energy consumption, communication cost, and detection accuracy. The proposed EdDSA-based framework offers an efficient, secure, and scalable solution for safeguarding IoT networks operating under RPL.
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